At the highest point of the Coricancha temple in Cuzco at dawn, an indigenous actor interpreting a ceremony of the ancient Inca raises his hands to receive the sun’s first rays.

But these are changing times for the ancient Inti Raymi festival, one of the most important Incan religious ceremonies: nearby, a drone flies overhead, recording the staging.

For today’s South American civilizations, June 24 marks the southern hemisphere’s winter solstice. But for the country’s indigenous population it commemorates the beginning of the sun’s journey back to “Pachamama” — the word for “Mother Earth” in Quechua, a language spoken by some 3.2 million Peruvians.

Actors perform in a recreation during the Inti Raymi or Sun Festival at the Sacsahuaman fortress compound in the hills above the Andean city of Cuzco, PIcture: AFP

Approximately 80,000 people crowd in and near Cuzco, a southeastern Peruvian city, for the celebration, many clad in vividly colored costumes.

The theatrical representation at the ancient Incan ruins Saksaywaman draws some 3,500 audience members, as locals and tourists alike observe the reenactment of ancient rites and sacrifices meant to ensure a good harvest.

Actors portraying the Incan emperor and his wife go from Coricancha to Cuzco’s main square, where ancient ruins of the Incan city stand along Baroque churches and palaces built by Spanish conquistadors.

Actors perform in a recreation during the Inti Raymi or Sun Festival at the Sacsahuaman fortress compound in the hills above the Andean city of Cuzco. Picture: AFP

“I feel happy and proud, like every Cuzco resident, to participate,” said Alexander Carbajal, who is taking part for the second year and portrays a soldier of the imperial guard of the Inca in the staging.

During the ceremony Cuzco is gridlocked: the day before the main party, some 250 delegations parade through, music ringing out and dancers twirling.

The procession begins the morning of June 23 and lasts until dawn the next day.

Actors perform in a recreation during the Inti Raymi or Sun Festival at the Sacsahuaman fortress compound in the hills above the Andean city of Cuzco. PIcture: AFP

“As people from Cuzco we feel proud,” said Alice Quispe Condori, who dons a colourful poncho.

During Spanish colonisation of the region the tradition was largely repressed by Catholic priests and continued only in secret from 1542 to 1824.

It was revived in 1944 and today is a source of Andean pride, particularly in Cuzco, the ancient Incan capital.

Performers take part in the recreation of the morning salute to the sun by the Inca emperor (out of frame) at the Coricancha temple in Cuzco. Picture: AFP

“Cuzco is a large and ancient city, and many towns of the same era are now cloaked in oblivion,” said the deputy minister of tourism, Rogers Valencia, noting the disappearance of the Mesopotamian cities of Nineveh and Babylon.

“Cuzco, with its 3,500 years, lives.

Delegations of dancers parade in the main square of the Andean city of Cuzco, Peru on June 23, 2017 as street festivities prepare the grounds for the beginning of the Inti Raymi or Sun Festival. Picture: AFP